Droughts as well as insect pests, plant diseases, and poor seed quality reduce crop productivity.

• Integrated planning of water, energy, food, and ecosystems.
• Mix native and exotic fruit trees (e.g., Mango, Tamarind, Baobab) with crops like sesame and cotton.
• Incentivise carbon farming.
• Apply rainfed managed aquifer recharge (MAR) and minimum tillage for resilience and carbon farming.
• Develop export-oriented value chains with carbon-labeled products.

  • Mitigation: Carbon sequestration in soils and trees, soil carbon storage via managed grazing and grassland regeneration.
  • Adaptation: Ecosystem regeneration for water management.
  • Biodiversity: Strengthened through diverse agroforestry species.